Indian Ocean - South-East Asian Marine Turtle Memorandum of Understanding

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1896 Records 76 Pages Open / Close all records

ID	Full Title	Author	Year	PDF
1644	Abstract of the 7th International Symposium on SEASTAR2000 and Asian Bio-logging Science (The 11th SEASTAR2000 Workshop)	Anonymous	2011	11.3 MB
	KEYWORDS:
	EXTERNAL LINK

1917	Conservation of Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) at Daran Beach, Jiwani, Balochistan	Waqas U, Hasnain S, Ahmad E, Abbasi M, Pandrani A	2011	177 KB
	KEYWORDS: Marine turtle, endangered species, Makran coast, North Arabian Sea, turtle conservation
	ABSTRACT: The green turtle (Chelonia mydas) is a large marine turtle belonging to the family Cheloniidae, class Reptilia. ‘Sandy beach’ of Jiwani is one of the most important nesting beaches for the green turtle in Pakistan. WWF – Pakistan monitored the green turtle population along the Jiwani coast between 1999 and 2008. A total of 2, 731 nests were protected, from which 91, 936 hatchlings emerged out and were released into the sea. This paper gives the details on the annual nesting population and emerging hatchlings.

1935	Impact des macrodéchets sur les tortues marines en France métropolitaine et d’Outre-mer.	Claro F, Hubert P	2011	N/A
	KEYWORDS:

1936	Les tortues marines et la pollution lumineuse sur le territoire française.	Claro F, Bardonnet C	2011	N/A
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1937	Monitoring Nesting Trends and Hatchling Success of the Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) Population on Mnemba Island, Zanzibar	Dunbar T	2011	535 KB
	KEYWORDS: Monitoring, nesting trend, hatchling success, green, Chelonia mydas, population, Zanzibar
	ABSTRACT: The nesting trends and hatching success of Green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) were studied on Mnemba Island. This study involved a continuation of data collection for the ongoing monitoring program of sea turtles on Mnemba Island. Data was collected from nesting females as well as from post hatching nest excavations. The data that has been collected over the course of ten years was then analyzed to examine trends over time as well as to assess the current status of the turtle population on Mnemba Island. Hatch success as a function of different seasons was analyzed. It has been concluded that there is a significant difference between hatching success in wet and dry seasons, but not in the different monsoon seasons. Hatch success as a function of location on the island was also explored, and trends in frequencies of nest sites in various locations were examined. Trends in nest location selection were investigated in relation to coastal erosion occurrences. The only significant preferences for nest location found was that the majority of nest sites were concentrated on the western and southwestern sides of the island. This is also related to trends in nest site selection in relation to coastal erosion, as there are no occurrences of nests on eastern side of the island, which experiences the most erosion. Furthermore, it has also been concluded that there is no difference in hatching success between years, and that hatching success has not significantly changed over time. This implies that Mnemba Island provides a stable environment for nesting green turtles, and is therefore an important area to continue to conserve. Recommendations for future studies are made. EXTERNAL LINK

559	Hawksbill turtle monitoring in Cousin Island Special Reserve, Seychelles: an eight-fold increase in annual nesting numbers	Allen ZC, Shah NJ, Grant A, Derand G, Bell D	2010	240 KB
	KEYWORDS: Eretmochelys imbricata, Indian Ocean, Seychelles, Turtle conservation
	ABSTRACT: Results of hawksbill turtle Eretmochelys imbricata nest monitoring on Cousin Island, Seychelles, indicate an 8-fold increase in abundance of nesting females since the early 1970s when the population was highly depleted. From 1999 to 2009, the population increased at an average rate of 16.5 turtles per season. Females were individually tagged, and nesting data were derived from indirect evidence of nesting attempts (i.e. tracks) and actual turtle sightings (56 to 60% of all encounters). Survey effort varied over the years for a variety of reasons, but the underlying trends over time are considered robust. To overcome biases associated with variable survey effort, we estimated population changes by fitting a Poisson distribution to data on numbers of times each individual was seen at this breeding site in a season. This was used to estimate unseen individuals, and hence the total number of nesting females each season. The maximum number of individuals emerging onto Cousin Island to nest within a single season was estimated to be 256 (2007 to 2008) compared to 23 in 1973. Tag returns indicate that many turtles nest on both Cousin and Cousine Islands (2 km apart), and that some inter-island nesting also occurs between Cousin and more remote islands within the Seychelles. EXTERNAL LINK

631	Interactions between green turtles (Chelonia mydas) and foxes (Vulpes vulpes arabica, Vulpes rueppellii sabaea, and Vulpes cana) on turtle nesting grounds in the northwestern Indian Ocean: impacts of the fox community on the behaviour of nesting sea turtles at the Ras Al Hadd Nature Reserve, Oman	Mendonca VM, SM Al Saady, AA Al Kiyumi, K Erzini	2010	985 KB
	KEYWORDS: Chelonia mydas, Ras Al Hadd, Vulpes cana, Vulpes rueppellii sabaea, Vulpes vulpes arabica
	ABSTRACT: Green turtles Chelonia mydas nest year round at the Ras Al Hadd Nature Reserve, Oman, with a distinct lower-density nesting season from Oct. to May, and a higher-density nesting season from June to Sept. On these beaches, the main predators of turtle eggs and hatchlings are foxes Vulpes spp., wolves Canis lupus arabs, and wild cats Felis spp. and Caracal caracal schmitzi. During 1999-2001, both the nesting behavior of these turtles and the diets of foxes (the main predator on the beaches) were investigated, and we tested whether female turtles were able to avoid/ reduce predation pressure on their eggs and hatchlings on the nesting grounds. Elsewhere in the region and globally, foxes are known to feed on rodents, lizards, birds, and insects, but at Ras Al Hadd, their diet is basically composed of sea turtle eggs and hatchlings (comprising about 95% in volume), with smaller contributions from other marine invertebrates (mostly ghost crabs Ocypode spp. and large gastropods), although they also sporadically ingested birds and lizards. The ability to adapt to a diet of sea turtle eggs and hatchlings, on these beaches, is certainly a factor behind the success of this carnivore community in the arid lands of the Arabian Peninsula. Field experiments indicated that nesting sea turtles recognized both natural predators and humans as threats to their offspring, and this was reflected in modifications to their nesting behavior. In relatively undisturbed areas (by both natural predators and humans), sea turtle nest density was significantly higher, and nests were placed further away from the surf ’s edge, in contrast to results from relatively disturbed areas, where turtle nests were closer to the surf ’s edge, thus reducing the distance hatchlings had to travel when they emerge and begin their journey to the sea. Nesting turtles interrupted their nesting cycle if they sensed the presence of people or foxes, returning to the sea without laying a clutch. However, if they had already initiated oviposition when they sensed the presence of people and/or predators, they continued, although they significantly increased efforts to camouflage their nests. Other reasons behind nest site abandonment included sand collapsing events (critical during preparation of the egg chamber) and intraspecific competition for nest sites. These behavioral patterns of sea turtles result from their evolutionary adaptation to nesting on beaches, which surely played a role in their survival, but also highlight the importance of minimizing human disturbance and activities on turtle nesting beaches. EXTERNAL LINK

894	Using community members to assess artisanal fisheries: the marine turtle fishery in Madagascar	Humber F, Godley BJ , Ramahery V, Broderick AC	2010	288 KB
	KEYWORDS: small-scale fisheries, community-based monitoring, Chelonia mydas, Caretta caretta, Eretmochelys imbricata, Lepidochelys olivacea
	ABSTRACT: Fisheries are considered a major driver of population declines for many marine vertebrate species, and yet for some, data on the levels of direct catch are lacking, often due to the logistical challenges in assessing artisanal fisheries in remote and developing regions. Using community members to collect data can provide access to a greater wealth of information than that obtained by local or foreign researchers, often at a reduced financial cost. We monitored the harvest of marine turtles at 12 major villages in Madagascar using community members as data collectors (sous collecteurs) from each village, at a total cost of US$3000 for 1 year. Community members were trained to collect biological and fisheries data on turtles landed and to use digital cameras to provide a visual record of each turtle catch recorded. A total of 699 marine turtle landings were documented, including four species, with by far the majority being green turtles Chelonia mydas (93.6%). When we contextualize our data with those of previous studies elsewhere in the region, we conservatively estimate that the annual turtle catch in the south-western province of Madagascar is between 10 000 and 16 000. Although turtle hunting is illegal under national law, there are currently no government initiatives to manage the fishery. This study is the first direct assessment of the level of exploitation of turtles in Madagascar, made possible through the use of community members as data collectors and has broad applicability towards similar data-gathering efforts in other artisanal fisheries. EXTERNAL LINK

899	Nesting beach revegetation and its influence on green turtle (Chelonia mydas) conservation in Réunion Island	Ciccione S, Bourjea J	2010	159 KB
	KEYWORDS: nesting beach, revegetation, green turtle, Chelonia mydas, conservation

900	Discovering behaviour of open sea stages of sea turtles: working flipper on hand with fishermen in Réunion	Ciccione S, Bourjea J	2010	120 KB
	KEYWORDS: behaviour, conservation, threat, fishery, Indian Ocean, bycatch, satellite

901	Marine turtles in the French Eparses islands	Glenard Z	2010	212 KB
	KEYWORDS: Mozambique, nesting, feeding, green, hawksbill, South-West Indian Ocean, population, genetic
	ABSTRACT: The islands located in the Mozambique Channel, including the French Eparses (Scattered) islands, are major nesting and feeding sites for green (Chelonia mydas) and hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) turtles (Bourjea, 2005, Taquet, 2007, Bourjea et al., 2008, Bourjea & Benhamou, 2008). Green turtles are present in tropical and subtropical waters worldwide, generally in coastal areas and near islands. In the South-West Indian Ocean (SWIO) around 50% of the turtles present are estimated to be green turtles – compared to 20% on a worldwide scale (Servan, 1977). Unlike many other regions where green turtle populations are increasing thanks to efficient protection measures, the populations in the SWIO are in decline (Taquet, 2007).

902	Loggerheads and leatherbacks in the Western Indian Ocean	Hughes G	2010	251 KB
	KEYWORDS: loggerhead, leatherback, Western Indian Ocean, conservation, South Africa, breeding, nesting

903	Reproduction biology of green turtle in Itsamia, Mohéli (Union of Comoros)	Innocenzi J, Maury J, M’soili A, Ciccione S	2010	121 KB
	KEYWORDS: Comoros, Chelonia mydas, biology, green, nesting site, monitoring
	ABSTRACT: Mohéli is the most important site of the Comoros Archipelago for the reproduction of Chelonia mydas (Frazier, 1985). Created in 2001, the Mohéli Marine Park (MMP) includes all the southern area from Miringoni Itsamia covering more than 40000 Ha. The fringing reef surrounding the MMP is well developed and between 250-1300m wide. Itsamia is the Eastern village of the MMP. Since 1994, the Association pour le Developpement Socio- Economique d’Itsamia (ADSEI) has been preserving the importance of the beaches of Itsamia for green turtles through protective actions. Currently, the beaches of Itsamia are one of the more important nesting sites for Chelonia mydas in the South West of the Indian Ocean. About 3000 females nest per year on the five beaches monitored daily by the ADSEI/MMP field guards (ADSEI, unpublished data) as part of a monitoring program that has been running since 1998. A few Eretmochelys imbricata are observed too. The present study describes data collected between April and June 2009.

904	Photo-identification method for green and hawksbill turtles - First results from Reunion	Jean C, Ciccione S, Talma E, Ballorain K, Bourjea J	2010	151 KB
	KEYWORDS: green, hawksbill, population, distribution, habitat, tagging, foraging ground, nesting
	ABSTRACT: The identification of individuals within a population and the collection of reliable information on distribution, habitat use, or life history traits, are the minimum required for behavioural and ecological studies of a species. Most studies on marine turtle populations rely on standard ‘capture-markrecapture’ methods based on tagging (flipper tags or Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tags), which is costly, induces stress to the animal, and uses tags that do not last for a lifetime (Balazs, 1999, Bellini et al., 2001, Reisser et al., 2008). Tags are also difficult to apply to marine animals, such as turtles, that spend most of their time on foraging grounds and at sea. For these animals, most of the ‘capture-mark-recapture’ studies are conducted on the beach during nesting as the females can be easily manipulated.

905	Monitoring of marine turtles reproductive activities in Juan de Nova, Eparses Islands, South Western Indian Ocean, based on tracks count and width	Lauret-Stepler M, Ciccione S, Bourjea J	2010	224 KB
	KEYWORDS: monitoring, green, nesting site, conservation, exploitation, population, South Western Indian Ocean
	ABSTRACT: The Eparses Islands group is composed of four groups of islands (Europa, Juan de Nova, Glorieuses archipelago [main island named Grande Glorieuse] and Tromelin) and one atoll (Bassas de India) scattered across the south-western Indian Ocean. In the 1970s, the Eparses Islands were identified as nesting sites for green turtles in the region (Hughes, 1973, Frazier, 1975). They were poorly known, but interest in monitoring nesting activities grew to supply the green turtles ranching on Reunion in a first place, and then for conservation perspectives (Le Gall, 1986). In fact Tromelin, Glorieuses archipelago and Europa were all stated as ‘natural reserve’ in 1971, effective in 1975, thus forbidding exploitation of the natural resources. Hence, Grande Glorieuse and Europa’s nesting populations have significantly increased, while Tromelin’s has remained stable or in a slight annual decrease since the last 20 years (Lauret-Stepler et al., 2007). The monitoring programme established by French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea (IFREMER) in the 1980s comprises a 20-year dataset of daily track counts. These data allow an overview on the seasonality and the trend of the population at Tromelin, Grande Glorieuse and Europa (Lauret-Stepler et al., 2007).

906	First report of Chelonia mydas affected by cutaneous fibropapillomatis on the West coast of Madagascar	Leroux G, Rakotonirina B, Ciccione S, Hawawini S	2010	532 KB
	KEYWORDS: Chelonia mydas, Madagascar, foraging, habitat, biodiversity, monitoring, awareness, conservation, green, hawksbill
	ABSTRACT: Located at 15 to 65 km off the shore of Maintirano, the Barren Archipelago consists of 10 small islands. All these islands are less than one km2 in size and six of them are covered with vegetation similar to the one found on the mainland. Because of their isolation, these islands are relatively preserved and little is known about their flora and fauna. These islands also provide important reproductive and foraging habitats for marine turtles. Two of the five marine turtle species that frequent the waters around the archipelago nest on the wild beaches of these islands.

907	Progress and development of a hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) monitoring project, Seychelles: 2004-2008	McCann P	2010	190 KB
	KEYWORDS: development, hawksbill, Eretmochelys imbricata, monitoring, Seychelles, nesting, population, survey, conservation
	ABSTRACT: The Seychelles inner islands are home to one of the world’s largest hawksbill turtle nesting populations. Since 2004, 10, 000s of volunteer hours have been donated by people from all nationalities and walks of life in contribution to the Global Vision International (GVI) Seychelles Marine Expedition. Data has been collected on E. imbricata population dynamics, nest site monitoring, and behavioural ecology from multiple locations. Thirty-two hawksbill turtles were tagged for identification from June 2006 to July 2008 as part of a well established mark/recapture program within the Curieuse Island Marine Park, in addition, 45 turtles were recaptured and nine tags replaced for long-term integrity. The results from beach patrol surveys between 2004 and 2008 indicate that marine reserves on Silhouette and Curieuse Island retain higher nesting populations when compared to unprotected areas monitored across North West Mahé Island. GVI has also developed a new focal behavioural study on the foraging ecology of E. imbricata with the guidance and advice of regional experts. By collaborating with resource managers and local stakeholders, research conducted by international conservation organisations such as GVI effectively addresses critical gaps in the scientific literature while providing a number of tangible benefits to the wider community.

908	A multi-stakeholder approach to the challenges of turtle conservation in the United Republic of Tanzania	West L	2010	135 KB
	KEYWORDS: Tanzania, conservation, habitat, foraging, breeding ground, coastal development, nesing beach, legislation, enforcement, monitoring, tagging, green, hawksbill, olive ridley, nest poaching, predation
	ABSTRACT: Tanzania, located in tropical East Africa, has a coastline of 900km, supporting a diverse array of marine habitats including coral reefs, mangroves, sea grass beds, lagoons and offshore islands. Many of these habitats provide important foraging and breeding grounds for endangered marine turtles (Muir, 2005). Five species of turtle are present in Tanzanian waters: green (Chelonia mydas), hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata), loggerhead (Caretta caretta), leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) and olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) but only green and hawksbill turtles are known to nest on Tanzania’s beaches (Howell & Mbindo, 1996). Sea Sense monitors nesting activity in eight coastal districts which represents approximately one–third of Tanzania’s coastline. Nesting density is relatively low across these districts with an average of 350 - 400 nests recorded per year (Sea Sense, unpublished data). Although afforded complete protection under national fisheries legislation, turtle populations in mainland Tanzania continue to face threats from subsistence harvesting for meat, poaching of eggs, incidental capture in gill nets and habitat disturbance (Bourjea et al., 2008). Inshore commercial prawn trawlers also pose a significant threat (Joynson-Hicks & Ngatunga, 2009). Tourism development leading to destruction of nesting beaches is a major concern for turtle populations in Zanzibar (Bourjea et al., 2008).

916	Farm Corail at Kelonia. A new chapter for turtles of the Indian Ocean.	Ciccione S	2010	N/A
	KEYWORDS: Kelonia, Indian Ocean, farm

1004	Chemical Composition and Ultrastructure of Shells of Unfertilized Eggs of Olive Ridley Turtles, Lepidochelys olivacea	Sahoo G, Mohapatra BK, Dutta SK	2010	N/A
	KEYWORDS: Unfertilized eggs, olive ridley, Lepidochelys olivacea, eggshell, composition
	ABSTRACT: Unfertilized eggs of Lepidochelys olivacea were examined for elemental composition and structure of the eggshell and mineral contents of the yolk-albumen fraction. Calcium was the major inorganic component both in the eggshell and egg contents. Other elements were present in traces. Scanning electron microscopic study revealed that the eggshell had two layers: an outer calcareous matrix in its aragonite morph and a membrane layer with fibres. The calcareous layer was made up of loosely and irregularly arranged 10-40 mu m wide nodular shell units. The shell thickness was 125 to 150 mu m. The membrane fibres were less dense, less netted than their normal counterparts and of variable thickness. The composition and structure of unfertilized eggshell were more or less similar to those reported for their normal counterparts except for the arrangement of fibres in the membrane layer.

1006	Coastal Vulnerability Assessment for Orissa State, East Coast of India.	Kumar TS, Mahendra RS, Nayak S, Radhakrishnan K, Sahu KC	2010	1.1 MB
	KEYWORDS: Orissa, coastal area, erosion, habitat, olive ridley, mangrove, vulnerability, tsunami, disaster mitigation, management plan
	ABSTRACT: Coastal areas of Orissa State in the northeastern part of the Indian peninsula are potentially vulnerable to accelerated erosion hazard Along the 480-km coastline, most of the coastal areas, including tourist resorts, hotels, fishing villages, and towns, are already threatened by recurring storm flood events and severe coastal erosion The coastal habitats, namely the largest rookeries in the world for olive Ridley sea turtles (the extensive sandy beaches of Gahirmatha and Rushikulya), Asia's largest brackish water lagoon (the 'Chihka'), extensive mangrove cover of Bhitarkanika (the wildlife sanctuary), the estuarine systems, and deltaic plains are no exception The present study therefore is an attempt to develop a coastal vulnerability index (CVI) for the maritime state of Orissa using eight relative risk variables Most of these parameters are dynamic in nature and require a large amount of data from different sources In some cases, the base data is from remote sensing satellites, for others It is either from long-term in situ measurements or from numerical models Zones of vulnerability to coastal natural hazards of different magnitude (high, medium, and low) are identified and shown on a map In earlier studies, tidal range was assumed to include both permanent and episodic inundation hazards However, the mean of the long-term tidal records tends to dampen the effect of episodic inundation hazards such as tsunamis For this reason, in the present study, tsunami run-up has been considered as an additional physical process parameter to calculate the CVI Coastal regional elevation has also been considered as an additional important variable This is the first such study that has been undertaken for a part of the Indian coastline The map prepared for the Orissa coast under this study can be used by the state and district administration involved in the disaster mitigation and management plan EXTERNAL LINK

1043	Effect of casuarina (Casuarina equisetifolia) plantation on the sand skink (Eutropis bibronii Gray 1839) population.	Subramanean J, Reddy MV	2010	102 KB
	KEYWORDS: Casuarina, Casuarina equisetifolia, plantation, population, sand skink, tsunami, Tamil Nadu, olive ridley turtle, Lepidochelys olivacea
	EXTERNAL LINK

1074	Identification of Research Gaps in Coastal and Marine biodiversity Conservation in India.	Anon.	2010	434 KB
	KEYWORDS: Coastal, biodiversity, Conservation, India
	EXTERNAL LINK

1115	Aerobic Bacterial Infections in Captive Juvenile Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) and Hawksbill Turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) from Thailand	Chuen-Im T, Areekijseree M, Chongthammakun S, Graham SV	2010	N/A
	KEYWORDS: Juvenile, green, hawksbill, clinical disease, aerobic microbiological culture technique
	ABSTRACT: Investigation of the total of 53 juvenile sea turtles (30 green turtles and 23 hawksbill turtles) found signs of several clinical diseases. Ultrastructure and histological observation of these tissues revealed that they were infected with one type of yeast and numerous bacteria. Using aerobic microbiological culture techniques, 10 types of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were identified, which may be responsible for disease and subsequent death of juvenile sea turtles at the conservation center.

1373	Antibactericidal activity of the egg white of sea turtle Lepidochelys olivacea	Lopez-Hurtado M, Castro-Gonzalez MI, Guerra-Infante FM	2010	N/A
	KEYWORDS:
	ABSTRACT: Of the proteins present in the egg albumin, ovalbumin, ovotransferrin and lysozyme have the most important bactericidal properties. However, such properties have not been reported for egg albumen of the sea turtle Lepidochelys olivacea. The objective of this study was to determine the bactericidal activity of egg white of L. olivacea at different concentrations. The results showed both a bactericidal effect on Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Micrococcus luteus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae), as well as a proliferative effect on Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and M. luteus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, K. pneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida).

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